This is a historical site about early London coffee Houses and Taverns and will also link to my current pub history site and also The London street directory
LONDON TRADERS, TAVERN, AND COFFEE-HOUSE TOKENS, CURRENT 1649-1672. :
Index of Tradesmens tokens.
B1979. Obverse. John . Annison . at . ye . whale . bo n = The bladebone of a whale. 68.
R. NEW . CHEAPSIDE. IN . MOREFEIL DS = HIS HALFE PENY.
John Annison at ye Whalebone New Cheapside in Moorfields, his halfpenny dated 68 [1668], And The bladebone of a whale
B1986. Obverse. William . Dusell . at . the = Bust of a queen, with crown, orb,
and sceptre.
R. AT . WAPING . NEW . CRANE . 68 = HIS HALFE PENNY. W . M . D.
B1987. Obverse. AT . THE . GRENE . DRAGON = A dragon.
R. NEW . CRANE . IN . WAPPIN = H . G. 1/4
B1988. Obverse. JOHN . HEYWOOD = HIS HALF PENY.
R. at . new . crane = A wheatsheaf.
B1989. Obverse. JOHN . HEYWOOD . at = A wheatsheaf.
R. NEW . CREANE . 1664 = 1 . E . H. 1/4
B1990. Obverse. CLEM t . NIXON . BY = C . B . N.
R. y e . new . crane = A bunch of grapes. 1/4
B1991. Obverse. Edward . Pratt . at = A spread eagle.
R. NEW . CRANE . WAPPING = HIS HALF PENY.
B1992. Obverse. AT . THE . NEWCREN = I . E . R.
R. mealman . in . wappin = A wheatsheaf. 1/4
B1993. Obverse. at . the . Queens . hed . in = Bust of Queen Elizabeth.
R. WAPPIN . AT . NEW . CRANE = I . M . R. 1/4
B1994. Obverse. Joseph . Stent . at . the = A wheatsheaf.
R. NEW . CRAIN . IN . WAPPEN = HIS HALF PENY. 1666.
B1995. Obverse. Ia . Waters . chandler = Three sugar-loaves joined.
R. AT . WAPIN . NEW . CRANE = I . E . W. 1/4
[Demolished in 1737]
#1109 DANIEL CLARKE AT THE A griffin, in the field.
Rev. NEAR THE NEW EXCHANG HIS HALF PENY.
B1996. Obverse. Anne . Clarke . at . the = Three crowns.
R. in . y e . Strand . by . ye . new . Exchang . her . halfe. peny (in five
lines).
The new Exchange erected by Robert Cecil, earl of Salisbury, lord treasurer, in
1608, was, as Sir Richard Baker observes, " a stately building on the north side
of Durham house, where stood an old long stable." The plan appears to have been
similar to Gresham's Burse ; cellars below, the ground-floor level with the
street, a public walk, and on the upper story stalls or shops for the sale of
wares of all descriptions. " On Tuesday, April 10th, 1609, it was begun to be
richly furnished with wares, and the next day after, King James, the Queen, and
Prince Henry, with many great lords and ladies, came to see it, and then the
king gave it the name of Britain's Burse." In 1632, the building is thus
described: " We went to see the new Exchange, in the great street called the
Strand. The building has a facade of stone, built after the Gothic style, that
has lost its colour from age, and is become blackish. It contains two long and
double galleries, one above the other, in which are distributed, in several
rows, great numbers of drapers and mercers very rich shops, filled with goods of
every kind, and with manufactures of the most beautiful description. These are
for the most part under the care of well-dressed women, who are busily employed
in work, although many are served by young men called apprentices*."
A ballad entitled the Burse of Reformation, defaming the Royal Exchange, printed
in Wit Restored, 1658, duod., elicited an answer, also printed in the same
volume, containing an allusion to a tavern that at this period was established
in the cellars of the new Exchange :
" We walke o'er cellars richly fill'd
With spices of each kindf ;
You have a taverne underneath,
And so you 're undermin'd.
If such a building long endure,
All sober men may wonder,
When giddy and light heads prevaile,
Both above ground and under."
Horace Walpole, in his admiration of romance, has related that the relict of the
Duke of Tyrconnel, James the Second's lord deputy of Ireland, had here on the
upper story a milliner's stall, as a maintenance ; and, to avoid detection,
attended in a white dress and white mask, and was known as the White Widow. The
ground-floor was occupied by shops, booksellers and others, designated as " the
Lower Walk of the New Exchange;" it was wholly demolished in 1731; the site
being now occupied by the houses Nos. 54 to 64 inclusive, the banking-house of
Messrs Coutts and Co. being the centre.
#1110 ED. THURMAN. MEALMAN In the field, E. D. T.
Rev. NEER NEW EXCHANG 1664, in the field. 1/4
B1998. Obverse. Thomazin . Duke . in . the = The Cordwainers’ Arms.
R. STRAND . NEERE . YE . EXCHANG = HER HALF PENY.
B1999. Obverse. JOHN . HALL . AGAINST = The Sun.
R. THE . NEW . EXCHANGE = I . A . H. 1/4
B2000. Obverse. FRA . MOLSES . NEARE — 1657.
R. Y e . NEW . EXCHANGE = F . M . M. 1/4
B2001. Obverse. ye . whit . lyon . neare = A lion rampant.
R. Y e . NEW . EXCHANGE = R . P. 1/4
B2002. Obverse. WALTER . RANDELL . IN . YE . STRAND = A horseshoe.
R. NEERE . Y e . NEW . EXCHANGE . 64 = HIS HALF PENY.
B2003. Obverse. 10 . RADCLIFFE . NERE . YE . NEW = Detrited.
R. EXCHANGE . IN . Y E . STRAND = HIS HALF PENY.
B2004. Obverse. Joseph . Sylvester . ironmonger = A frying-pan.
R. NEAR . Y e . NEW . EXCHANG . IN . YE . STRAND = HIS HALF PENNY. 1667.
B2006. Obverse. Mary . Trafford . in . the = The Cordwainers’ Arms.
R. STRAND . NEERE . YE . EXCHANG = HER HALF PENY.
#838 THOMAS ANDREWS In field, horse-shoe and sugar-loaf.
Rev. WITHOUT NEWGATE T. A., in the field. 1/4
#839 RALPH PACKMAN In the field, Merchant Tailors' arms.
Rev. WITHOUT NEWGATE A beaver hat, and R. I. P. 1/4
Vendors of beaver hats were at this time called "haberdashers of hats," then
highly expensive. Dugdale, in his Diary, April 13th, 1661, minutes " payd for a
bever hatt, 4Z. IQs. ;" the fashion of it may be seen in Hollar's portrait of
that distinguished antiquary. Pepys too, who was as anxious to observe the
fashions as any courtier in his day, records in his Diary, June 27th, in the
same year, " this day, Mr. Holden sent me a bever which cost me 41. 5s." Pepys
had evidently bated the seller a crown.
#840 BELONGING TO YE CELLOR ON THE MASTERS SIDE AT 1669.
Rev. NEWGATE The then Debtors' Prison.
Newgate, mentioned by Fitzstephen as one of the seven double gates in the wall
of the city of London, in the reign of King Henry the Second, stood at the west
end of Newgate street. The north end of the present Newgate prison denotes the
site, the gateway extending across the street. In the reign of King John it is
noticed as having long been the gaol or prison for felons or trespassers ; and
in the reign of King Henry the Fifth had become, according to Grafton, " a most
ugly and loathsome prison, " so that the memorable Sir Richard Whittington,
touched in pity, bequeathed money for rebuilding it. License for that purpose
having been obtained in 1422, from King Henry the Sixth, shortly after his
accession, Whittington's executors faithfully performed the purport of his
instructions.
The great fire early in September, 1666, utterly destroyed Newgate ; but it was
shortly after rebuilt for its original uses, and as a debtors' prison. The token
was struck in 1669, as a monetary medium among the prisoners, and is of the
utmost rarity and interest from the delineation of the prison it affords.
Newgate continued till 1776, when it was demolished. The diurnals record that '
' on Tuesday, July 9th, the statue of Whittington and his cat was taken down
from Newgate ; that statue with the others are to be placed in the new prison in
the Old Bailey." The same diurnals, on the 10th, intimated as a caution, that "
the person who is now taking down the gaol of Newgate ought to put up a scaffold
on each side of the gate, to save the passengers from the danger of having their
brains beaten out by the stones, which, in spite of every caution, are liable to
fall on their heads."
B2034. Obverse. Josias . Askew . at = A horseshoe and &.
R. WITHOUT . Newgate = A sugar-loaf. 1/4
B2035. Obverse. Francis . Bunden . ironmon = Two keys crossed.
R. WITHIN . NEWGATE = F . F . B. J.
B2036. Obverse. Joseph . Holled = Two sugar-loaves and a tea-chest suspended.
R. AT . NEWGAT . GROCER = I . A . H. 1/4
B2037. Obverse. John . Moore . at . the . guy . of = Guy Earl of Warwick holding
a spear. ( Octagonal .)
R. WARWICK . WITHOUT . NEWGATE = HIS HALF PENY. 1669.
B2039. Obverse. THE . FOUNTANE . TAVERN = A fountain.
R. WITHOUT . NEV . GATE = W . M . R. 1/4
B2040. Obverse. NICHOLAS . ROYS . AT . YE . BLACK = A dog
R. DOGG . NEARE . NEWGATE = HIS HALF PENY TOKEN.
Nicholas Roys at ye Black Dog near Newgate. His Half Penny Token. And a Dog.
The market without Newgate, held on the verge of the former lands and
possessions of the collegiate church of St. Martin -le-grand, is of very remote
date. Stephen king of England, in one of his precepts of restitution of certain
lands of which he had despoiled that church, particularized among others, and
confirmed, " that portion of land, with three stalls in the market, which Peter
More firmly held of Roger bishop of Salisbury, then dean of St. Martin's." This
functionary, who held also the offices of lord chief justice and lord treasurer,
died December llth, 1139.
#841 THE FOX AND GOOSE In field, fox carrying off goose.
Rev. IN NEWGATE MARKET D. E. W., in the field. 1/4
#842 THOMAS FOX AT THE A fox, in field.
Rev. FOX IN NEWGATE MARKET. 1670 In the field, T. A. F. 1/4
The sign, a pun upon his name.
#843 MARY HURST. YE WHITE SWAN A swan, with collar.
Rev. IN NEWGATE MARKETT. 1670 HER HALFE PENY.
B2017. Obverse. Jeremiah . Arnold = A French horn.
R. IN . NEWGETT . MARKET = I . E . A. 1/4
B2018. Obverse. Will . Bonner . cheesmonger = A woman churning.
R. IN . NEWGATE . MARKET . 1670 = HIS HALF PENY. W . E . B.
B2019. Obverse. Wheatsheaf . and . 3 = A wheatsheaf and three pigeons.
R. pigeons . newgat . mar t = I . M . F in monogram. 1/4
B2021. Obverse. at . the . 3 . tobako . pips = Three tobacco-pipes.
R. IN . NEWGATE . MARKET = W . F. 1/4
B2022. Obverse. O. AT . YE . 3 . TUNNS . TAVERN = C . H. - E . S.
R. in . newgate . market = Three tuns. 1/4
B2023. Obverse. AT . YE . GOLDEN . PLOWE = A plough.
R. IN . NEWGAT . MARKET = I . I . H. 1/4
B2024. Obverse. MARY . HURST . YE . WHITE . SWANN = A Swan.
R. IN . NEWGATE . MARKETT . 1658 = HER HALFE PENY.
B2025. A variety has the date 1670.
B2026. Obverse. Thomas . Rogers . in = Arms; on a chevron, between three birds,
three birds.
R. NEWGATE . MARKET — T . S . R. 1/4
B2027. Obverse. AT . YE . ROSE . TAVERNE = E . A . S.
R. IN . NEWGATE . MARKETT = A rose. 1/4
B2028. Obverse. RICHARD . SKELSON . IN . ROSE = A TOSe.
R. ALEY . IN . NEWGATT . MARKET=HALFE PENNY. R . M . S.
B2029. Obverse. ROBERT . SNESBY . IN = A bell.
R. NEWGATE . MARKET = R . S. 1/4
B2031. Obverse. EDMUND . WARNER . POVTERER . IN . NEWGATE (in five lines).
R. market . his . half . penny . 1666 (in four lines).
B2032. Obverse. JOHN . WIGHTMAN . AT = HIS HALF PENY.
R. Newgate . market . 1670 = A view of Newgate Market.
B2044. Obverse. THOMAS . FOOTE . AT . THE . LEG = A leg.
R. IN . NEW . KINGS . STREET = HIS HALFE PENNY. J
B2045. Obverse. John. Hall, in . new . king = The Royal Arms, as borne from 1603
to 1689.
R. STREET . IN . BLOOMSBERRY = HIS HALFE PENNY. I . M . H.
The New Rents led from Foul lane to St. Saviour's dock stairs, on the Bankside,
between Stoney street and London Bridge.
#844 HENRY THORPE IN THE NEW A Sugar-loaf ; H. R. T.
Rev. RENTS IN SOUTHWARKE HIS HALFE PENNY.
B2054. Obverse. Thomas . Beardsworth . in = Three herrings on a string. T . M .
B.
R. NEW . STREET . COMAN . GARDEN = HIS HALFE PENNY.
B2055. Obverse. James . Foe . at . new = The Tallowchandlers’ Arms.
R. STREET , CORNER . 1658 = 1 . A . F. 1/4
B2056. Obverse. JOHN . HIGGS . IN . NEW . STREET . IN = HIS HALFE PENY.
R. ST . Martins . in . ye , feilds . i668 = A stick of seven candles, I . M . H.
B2057. Obverse. Joseph = A man holding a cup ; a hand, issuing from a cloud,
pouring into it; a table, on it three pipes.
R. HOWARD . COFEE . HOVSE . IN . NEW . STREET . 1671 (in five lines).
B2058. A variety has only two pipes on the table; but the reverse is apparently
from the same die as the preceding. 1
B2059. Obverse. DOROTHY . HULET . COVEN — D . H. 1663.
R. garden . new . stret = A heart crowned. 1/4
B2060. Obverse. WITNES . MY . NAME . ABRAM . LEWIS . IN . NEW . STREET .
chandler (in seven lines).
R . MEMOR . I . OWE . Ye . BEARER . OF . THIS . A . HALF . peny (in six lines).
B2061. Another token the same as the preceding, except that sarah is in place of
abram.
B2062. Obverse. IN . NEW . STREET = JOHN SAVORY.
R . COVENT. GARDEN = 1656. 1/4
B2063. Obverse. RIC . STEVENSON . CHESE = 1658.
R . MONGER . IN . NEW . STREET = R . S .
B2064. Obverse. William . Willins = A swan.
R . IN . NEW . STREETE = W . A . W. 1/4
New street, between Shoe lane and Fetter lane, was commenced before the
restoration of King Charles the Second. At the wardmote court of Farringdon
Without, held December 21st, 1661, a presentment was preferred against the
master and wardens of the Goldsmiths Company, being the owners of certain newly
erected tenements in New street, by Fewter lane, for defective pavements.
The great fire in September, 1666, made sad devastation in this part of the city
; and John Childe, parish clerk of St. Bride's, who had been newly inducted into
his office, in the May of that year thus sorrowfully entered in the register
under his charge " October, 1666, but sixteene houses in the brode place by Newe
streete." The " brode place" is now the site of Gough square, the three new
streets, the Queen's printing-office, and many other buildings in that locality.
The token was issued before the ruin the parish clerk has so feelingly deplored.
#845 IN THE NEW STREET A lion rampant, in the field. '
Rev. NEERE SHOOWE LANE In the field, W. E. M.
B2066. Obverse. WALTER . MANNING . IN . THE = HIS HALFE PENY.
R. new . street . near . shoo . lane = A crooked billet and 1664.
Newton Street, High Holborn, at 207, about # of a mile on the L. from Fleet market, it leads to Charles Street and 174, Drury lane (Lockie 1810).
B2067. Obverse. JOHN . Everton = Full-faced king’s head.
R. in . newton . street = Queen’s head, full-faced.
B2068. Obverse. Ralph . Winckles . at , ye . red =A lion rampant. 1669.
R. LYON . IN . NEWTON . STREET = HIS HALF PENY. R . M . W.
B2697. Obverse. AT . THE . BEL . IN = A bell.
R. S . NICOLAS . LANE = I . K . B. 1/4
B2698. Obverse. Francis . Dodsworth = A lion rampant.
R. IN . ST . NICHOLAS . LANE = HIS HALFE PENY.
“ A Parcel of Coffee-Berrie to be put to publique sale upon Monday the 15th of
this Instant at 6. in the Evening at the Globe Coffee house over against the
North
Gate of the Royall Exchange , the said Commodity is to be seen every day at the
house of Mr. Francis Dodsworth at the Signe of the Golden Lyon at the upper
end of St. Nicholas Lane, from 8 to 11 in the Morning : If any desire to be
further
informed, they may repayr to Mr. Briggs Publique Notary within the said Coffeehouse.”—The Nerves, No. 12, February 11, 1663, p. 102.
B2699. Obverse. John . Spinke . 1657 = A wheatsheaf.
R. IN . NICHOLAS . LANE = I . E . S. 1/4
St. Nicholas in the Shambles is an instance of the retention of the name as a
parish long after it had ceased to be one. King Henry the Eighth granted to the
mayor, commonalty, and citizens of London the church of the late Gray Friars in
London, for a parish church, in place of the church of St. Ewen in Newgate
market, and St. Nicholas in the Shambles, then destroyed, with so much of the
parish of St. Sepulchre as then lay within Newgate, for a newly erected parish
to be called Christchurch.
In the accompt of William Colle, citizen and grocer, as receiver of the rents of
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1581-2, credit is taken for rents received from
Thirteen houses in St. Nicholas Fishambles, 50l. 19s. 4c.
Fourteen houses in the new buildings, in the Shambles, 831. 10s. This affords
the date of their erection.
The court of Common Council, on April 29th, 1667, directed the ground, where the
middle row in the Shambles stood, and the ground of the four late houses in
Newgate market, between Warwick-lane end and the late Bell inn there, to be laid
into the street, according to the Act of Parliament for enlarging and widening
the streets. These improvements are denoted in Leake's general plan, embodying
the surveys made by order of the city authorities, after the disastrous fire in
1666.
#846 THE TALLOW CHANDLER A man dipping candles.
Rev. IN S. NICKLES SHAMBLES In the field, E. A. S.
B2712. Obverse. the . tallow . CHANQLER = A man dipping candles. [The D is
reversed, shown as a Q here]
R. IN . S . NICKLES . SHAMBLES = E . A . S. 1/4
B2713. variety reads cahandler ; the D is not reversed. 1/4
#847 AT THE SWANN BEHIND A swan, in the field.
Rev. THE SHAMBLES. 1649 In the field, I. M. H. 1/4
B2700. Obverse. JON . ASPINALL . IN . S . NICHOLAS = A Swan.
R. shambles . his . half . peny = A castle.
B2701. Obverse. at . the . flying . horse . in = A flying horse.
R. S . NICKLES . SHAMBLES = P . M . B. 1/4
B2702. Obverse. THE . READ . CROSE . BEHIND = A CTOSS.
R. S . NICHOLAS . SHAMBLES = T . E . B. 1/4
B2703. Obverse. at . the . Red . Lyon . in . s = A lion rampant.
R. NICHALAS . SHAMBLES = A . E . C. 1/4
B2704. Obverse. AT . THE . HARROW . BEHIND = A harrow.
R. S . NIKLES . SHAMBLES = L . I . D. 1/4
B2705. Obverse. THE . READ . BVLL . BEHIND = A bull.
R. S . NICKLES . SHAMBLES = T . A . E. 1/4
B2707. Obverse. RICHARD . HURST . AT . THE = A Swan.
R. IN . S T . NICOLAS . SHAMBLES = HIS HALFE PENY.
“Mr. Hurst who keeps the SWan behinde St. Nicholas Shambles .”— Philocophus, by
I. B. [Bulwer], London, 1648.
B2708. Obverse. JOHN . HARPER . AT . THE = A tun.
R. IN . S T . NICOLAS . SHAMBLES = HIS HALF PENY.
B2709. Obverse. Joseph . LARKE = The Grocers’ Arms.
R. BACKSIDE . SHAMBLS = I . L. 1/4
B2710. Obverse. at . the . buchers . armes = The Butchers’ Arms.
R. IN . NICKLES . SHAMBLES - I . S . M. 1/4
B2711. Obverse. Mathew . Mariott = A crowned bust and sceptre.
R. BEHIND . Ye . SHAMBLES = M . S . M. 1/4
B2714. Obverse. Ye . RED . BULL . BACKSIDE = G . E . S.
R. ST . NICHOLAS . SHAMBLES = A bull. 1/4
B2715. Obverse. JOH . TADPOLE . HABERDR = 1656
R. BEHIND . YE . SHAMBLES = 1 . M . T . 1/4
Nightingale is a perversion of Knighten-guild lane.
#848 RICHARD JAMES IN In the field, HIS HALF PENY.
Rev. NIGHTINGALE LANE Hope leaning on an anchor.
#849 JOHN PARKER IN MELE MAN, in the field.
Rev. NIGHTINGGAL LANE In the field, I. S. P. 1/4
B2069. Obverse. Timothy . Barker = The Bakers’ Arms.
R. IN . NIGHTINGAL . LANE = T . B. 1/4
B2070. Obverse. James . Chappell = A chapel with a spire.
R . IN . NITINGALLE . LANE = M . A . H. 1/4
The initials, it will be observed, do not correspond with the issuer’s name.
B2071. Obverse. Henry . Crump . 1665 = Three leopards.
R. IN . NIGHTINGAL . LANE = H . S . C. 1/4
B2073. Obverse. at . the . coale . yarde = A shield charged with three
battle-axes.
R. IN . NIGTINGO . LANE = R . E . L. 1/4
B2075. Obverse. IOHN . WELCH . 1658 = A swan.
R. IN . NITINGALL . LANE = I . S . W. 1/4
B2076. Obverse. Robert . wiGiNS = Hope and anchor.
R. IN . NIGHTINGAL . L = R . A . W. 1/4
#850 JOHN EAMES In the field, I. E. E.
Rev. IN NOBLE STREET 1659, in the field.
B2078. Obverse. IOSEPH . WELLS . AT . THE . TUNN= A tun.
R. IN . NOBELL . STREET . 1665 = HIS HALFE PENNY.
This tavern was frequented by Freemasons in the time of Queen Anne.
#851 AT THE FETHERS IN The Prince's plume, in the field.
Rev. NORTHUMBERLAND ALLEY In the field, I. E. C. 1/4
#852 THOMAS KNIGHT IN Scales, in field; Bakers 1 arms.
Rev. NORTHUMBERLAN ALY In the field, T. B. K. 1/4
#853 AT THE KING DAVID. 1667 King David, with harp.
Rev. IN NORTHUMBERLAND ALYE HER HALFE PENNY. S. A.
B2080. Obverse. at . King . David = King David with the harp.
R. NORTH VMBERLAND . ALY = T . E . B. 1/4
This is probably a wig-maker's token.
Pursuant to the City Improvement Act passed in the session of 1760, a passage,
twenty-five feet wide, was directed to be made through Northumberland alley into
Crutched Friars.
#854 AT THE COKE IN A cock, in the field.
Rev. NORTVN FOLGATE. 1650 In the field, B. E. H. 1/4
#855 ABRAHAM LEKEVX In field, three tun s; Vintners' arms.
Rev. IN NORTON FOLGATE, in three lines across the field. 1/4
#856 TRISTRAM MAY AND HENRY SELL A lion rampant, in field.
Rev. BREWERS IN NORTON FOLGATE: THEIR HALFE PENY. 1667.
“Whoever shall give notice of him [“a Brown Bay Gelding”] at the White -
Lyon Brew-house in Norton Folgate .... shall have 40 shillings for his peyns.”
—The Naves, No. 62, August 4, 1664, p. 500.
B2083. Obverse. THE . DOLPHIN . IN . LONGE = A dolphin.
R. ALEY . IN . NORTON . FOLGATE = W . H . A. 1/4
B2084. Obverse. AT . THE . PLOW . IN = A plough.
R. NORTON . FOLGATE = G . A . B. 1/4
B2085. Obverse. at . the . red . lion = A lion rampant.
R. IN . NORTVN . FOLGAT = E . S . C. 1/4
B2087. Obverse. AT . THE . BLACK . TALBVT= A dog.
R. IN . NORTVN . FOLGAT = I . I . H. 1/4
B2088. Obverse. JOHN . HAMMOND . IN = CHEESMONGER.
R. Norton . folgate . 68 = A tobacco-roll. I . S . H. 1/4
B2089. Obverse. AT , THE . TUN . IN = A tun.
R. NORTVN . FALLGATE = T . I . L. 1/4
B2093. Obverse. William . Paine . at . y e = A bluecoat-boy.
R. IN . NORTON . FOLLGATE = W . I . P. 1/4
###
As ever I am appreciative of the archive.org site and google books for
showing old and non-copyright scripts which can be used for research (copied).